Sunday, December 12, 2010
Friday, December 3, 2010
Thursday, December 2, 2010
Wednesday, November 24, 2010
హైదరాబాద్ ఎవరిది?
హైదరాబాద్ ఎవరిది?
తెలంగాణ నుంచి హైదరాబాద్‌ను వేరు చేసి ప్రత్యేక ప్రాంతంగా చేయడమంటే తల్లి నుంచి బిడ్డను వేరుచేయడమే. ఇదెంత అమానుషం! సభ్యతా సంస్కృతి లేని వారు మాత్రమే ఇలా చేస్తారు.
మన ముఖ్యమంత్రి ఎన్నికలను ఎప్పుడూ ఒక క్రీడగా పోల్చుతారు. క్రీడా స్ఫూర్తితో పాల్గొంటే వచ్చే ఎన్నికలలో 'బంగారు పతకం' పొందడం ఖాయమని ఆయన పదే పదే అంటున్నారు. అయితే ఏ ఆటలోనైనా గెలవాలంటే ఆ ఆటలో విధిగా అనుసరించాల్సిన కొన్ని నియమాలు, ఒక క్రమ శిక్షణ ఉంటాయన్న వాస్తవాన్ని ఆయనగాని , ఎవరుగాని మరచిపోకూడదు. సరే, ఇటీవల గెలవడం ఒక్కటే క్రీడాకారులకు పరమ లక్ష్యం అయిపోయింది కదా. ఫుట్‌బాల్ వరల్డ్‌కప్- 2006లో గెలవడమే ఏకైక లక్ష్యంగా ఇటలీ జట్టు ఆడిం ది. ప్రధాన ప్రత్యర్ధి ఫ్రెంచ్ జట్టును రెచ్చగొట్టి ఇరుకునపెట్టే వ్యూహాన్ని అనుసరించి విజయా న్ని కైవసం చేసు కొంది.
ప్రత్యేక తెలంగాణ ఏర్పడటం ఖాయమైతే హైదరాబాద్ నగర ప్రతిపత్తి విష యమై మజ్లిస్ పార్టీ అధినేత, హైదరాబాద్ కాంగ్రెస్ నేత, రాయలసీమ నాయకులు ప్రారంభించిన చర్చ కూడా ఫ్రెంచ్ జట్టును ఓడించడానికి ఇటలీ జట్టు అనుసరించిన వ్యూహం వంటిదే. ఏదో ఒక విధంగా అసలు విషయాన్ని పక్కదోవ పట్టించి తెలంగాణ ఏర్పాటును అడ్డుకోవడం, కాదూ అంటే జాప్యం చేయడమే ఆ చర్చ లక్ష్యం. హైదరాబాద్‌పై చర్చ ఇప్పుడు రియల్టర్లు, భూమి మాఫియా, పేదల వ్యతిరేకుల స్వార్థ ప్రయోజనాలకు అనుగుణంగా జరుగుతోంది! కనుక హైదరాబాద్ ఎవరికి చెందిందో అర్థం చేసుకోవడానికి తెలంగాణ, ఆంధ్రల చరిత్రను ఒక సారి పునరావలోకన చేయ వలసిన అవసరమెంతైనావుంది.
హైదరాబాద్ సంస్థానంలో మొత్తం 16 జిల్లాలు (8 తెలంగాణ , 5 మరఠ్వాడ, 3 కర్ణాట క) ఉండేవి. నిజాం ప్రభుత్వ ఆదాయంలో అధిక భాగం తెలంగాణ నుంచి సమకూరేదనడం లో ఎటువంటి సందేహం లేదు. నిజాం ఏజెంట్లు అయిన ఫ్యూడల్ భూస్వాములకు వ్యతిరేకంగా తెలంగాణ జిల్లాల్లో తిరుగుబాటు ప్రజ్వరిల్లింది. ప్రజల తిరుగుబాటు నెదుర్కొనే క్రమంలో మజ్లిస్ ఇత్తెహాదుల్ ముస్లిమీన్ (ఎమ్ఐఎమ్) ఆవిర్భవించింది. 1944లో ఔరంగాబాద్‌కు చెందిన ఖాసిం రజ్వి మజ్లిస్ నాయకత్వాన్ని చేపట్టారు. పోలీసుచర్య అనంతరం రజ్వీని బీబీనగర్ దోపిడీ కేసులో విచారణ జరిపి ఏడు సంవత్సరాల జైలు శిక్ష విధించారు. 1955లో విడుదలైన అనంతరం పాకిస్థాన్‌కు రజ్వీ పరారయ్యాడు.
పోతూ పోతూ మజ్లిస్ నాయకత్వాన్ని గుల్బర్గాకు చెందిన వహా బుద్దీన్ ఓవైసీకు అప్పగించి మరీ వెళ్ళిపోయాడు. హైదరాబాద్, తెలంగాణ ముస్లింలకు మజ్లిస్ పార్టీ నిజమైన ప్రతినిధేనా? ఇరవై సంవత్సరాల క్రితం హైదరాబాద్ నగరంలో బస్సు డ్రైవర్లు, పోలీస్ కానిస్టేబుళ్ళు, ప్రభుత్వ కార్యాలయాలలో క్లర్క్‌లు 50 శాతంకు పైగా మైనారిటీ మతస్తులే ఉండేవారు. ఇప్పుడు వారి సంఖ్య కనీసం 15 శాతంగా కూడా లేదు! ఆ ఉద్యోగాలన్నిటినీ ఎవరు కైవసం చేసుకున్నారు? ఉర్దూ హైదరాబాద్‌లో ప్రధాన భాషగా ఉండేది. ఇప్పుడు దాని పరిస్థితి ఏమిటి? ముస్లింలైన యువతీయువకులు సైతం ఉర్దూను రాయడం, చదవలేక పోతున్నారే? ఈ పరి స్థితికి ఎవరు కారణం? తెలంగాణ ఏర్పడితే ముస్లింలకు భద్రత ఉండదని అసదుద్దీన్ ఓవైసీ ప్రకటించారు.
ఏమి టి ఈ ప్రకటనకు అర్థం? హైదరాబాద్, తెలంగాణ ప్రజలకు వివరణ ఇవ్వాల్సిన బాధ్యత ఓవైసీపై ఉంది. తెలంగాణలోని ఫ్యూడల్ శక్తులకే కాక మతోన్మాద శక్తులకు కూడా కాంగ్రెస్ మద్దతునిచ్చిందన్న వాస్తవాన్ని విస్మరించకూడదు. ప్రత్యేక రాష్ట్రం ఏర్పడితే తెలంగాణలో ముస్లింల పాలన పునరుద్ధరణ అవుతుందని తెలంగాణ ప్రజ లను ఆంధ్రనాయకులు హెచ్చరిస్తున్నారు. ఈ విషయాన్ని మజ్లిస్ అధినేత గమనం లోకి తీసుకున్నారా? ఇక హైదరాబాద్‌లో పెద్ద ఎత్తున పెట్టుబడులు పెట్టి నగర అభివృద్ధికి తోడ్పడ్డామన్న ఆంధ్ర నాయకుల వాదనను పరిశీలిద్దాం. ఇదెంతటి అసంబద్ధ వాదన! అసలు రాజధానిని కర్నూలు నుంచి హైదరాబాద్‌కు మార్చాల్సిన అవసరమేమిటి? హైదరాబాద్‌కు వచ్చి ఈ నగరాన్ని అభివృద్ధి చేయమని ఆంధ్ర నాయకులను ఎవరు అడిగారు? 400 సంవత్సరాల క్రితమే సకల హంగులతో నిర్మాణమైన నగరమొకటి ఉందనేకదా మీరు హైదరాబాద్‌కు వచ్చింది.
నిజం చెప్పాలంటే గత 40 ఏళ్ళుగా హైదరాబాద్ నగరం వికృతమయిపోతోంది. సరస్సులు, చెరువులు అన్నీ ఏమై పోయాయి? మధుర ఉర్దూ విన్పించడం లేదేమి? హైదరాబాద్, తెలంగాణలలో మతోన్మాద రాజకీయాలకు కారణమెవ్వరు? వక్ఫ్ భూములను కైవసం చేసుకొన్నదెవరు? తెలంగాణ భాషా సంస్కృతులను ధ్వంసం చేసిందెవరు? ఆంధ్రప్రదేశ్‌లో ఏర్పాటు చేయనున్న మొత్తం 50 సెజ్‌లలో 40 ని కేవలం తెలంగాణ జిల్లాల్లోనే ఏర్పాటు చేయడం వెనుక ఉన్న మతలబు ఏమిటి? వీధి దీపాలనే సక్రమంగా నిర్వహించలేని వారు గ్రేటర్ హైద రాబాద్‌ను ఏర్పాటు చేయడం సబబేనా? దాని వలన ప్రయోజనమేమి టి? మన దేశంలో ఏ పౌరుడైనా ఎక్కడికైనా వెళ్ళి స్థిరపడవచ్చు. జీనవోపాధి పొందవచ్చు.
హైదరాబాద్, తెలంగాణలలో తాము ఎలాంటి పాపాలకు పాల్పడకపోతే ఆంధ్ర నాయకు లు భయపడవలసిన అవసరమేముంది? మహారాష్ట్ర ఏర్పాటయినప్పుడు కూడా బొంబా యిని గుజరాత్‌కు ఇవ్వాలని గుజరాతీ వ్యాపారవర్గాలు వాదించాయి. నిర్దిష్ట ప్రాథమిక విషయాలు ఎప్పుడూ ప్రాథమిక విషయాలే. ప్రజలు వాటిని అర్థంచేసుకోకపోతే భగవంతుడే వారికి తోడ్పడాలి. హైదరాబాద్, రాయలసీమకు దక్షిణంగా 170 కిలో మీటర్ల దూరంలో ఉంది. ఆంధ్రకు తూర్పుగా 200 కిలో మీటర్ల దూరంలో ఉంది. ఇటువంటి పరిస్థితుల్లో హైదరాబాద్‌ను ఏప్రాతిపదికన కేంద్ర పాలిత ప్రాంతంగా చేస్తారు? ఎవరి ప్రయోజనాల కోసం? తెలంగాణ ఏర్పాటుకు కలతచెందవలసిన అవసరం దోపిడీదారులకు మాత్రమే ఉంది.
సామాన్య ప్రజలకు ఎటువంటి చింత ఉండనవసరం లేదు. ఐడిపిఎల్, ప్రాగా టూల్స్, ఆల్వి న్ మొదలైన కంపెనీల మూసి వేతకు కారకులైన వారు మాత్రమే భయపడతారు. వారే మైక్రోసాఫ్ట్ కంపెనీకి వందలాది ఎకరాలను కట్ట బెట్టారు (ఆ కంపెనీకి అమెరికాలో 50 ఎకరాల ప్రాంగణం ఎక్కడా లేదు మరి! ). ఉస్మాన్‌సాగర్, హిమాయత్ సాగర్‌లను కబ్జా చేస్తున్నవారు, మెట్రో, రింగ్ రోడ్డు పేరిట హైదరాబాద్ ప్రజలకు ఉరికంబాలు నిర్మిస్తున్నవారు మాత్రమే ప్రత్యేక తెలంగాణ విషయమై భయపడాలి. సామాన్య ప్రజలకు ఎటువంటి కలవర పాటు అవసరం లేదు.
తెలంగాణ, హైదరాబాద్‌లలో ఆ మాటకొస్తే ఎక్కడైనా ప్రజలలో 90 శాతం మంచివారే. తెలంగాణకు ఒక ప్రత్యేక సంస్కృతి ఉంది. గత 500 సంవత్సరాలుగా ఇక్కడ మతసామరస్యం నెలకొనివుంది. అన్ని మతాలు, వర్గాల ప్రజలు పరస్పరం గౌరవించుకొంటూ కలిసిమెలసి బ్రతుకుతున్న చరిత్ర ఉంది. ఈ వాస్తవాలను గమనించకుండా హైదరాబాద్‌ను ప్రత్యేక ప్రాంతంగా ఏర్పాటు చేయాలని కొంత మంది డిమాండ్ చేయడం విచిత్రంగా ఉంది. తెలంగాణ నుంచి హైదరాబాద్‌ను వేరుచేసి ప్రత్యేక ప్రాంతంగా చేయడమం టే తల్లి నుంచి బిడ్డను వేరుచేయడమే. ఇదెంత అమానుషం! సభ్యతా సంస్కృతి లేని వారు మాత్రమే ఇలా చేస్తారు.
నిజం చెప్పాలంటే గత 40 ఏళ్ళుగా హైదరాబాద్ నగరం వికృతమయిపోతోంది. సరస్సులు, చెరువులు అన్నీ ఏమై పోయాయి? మధుర ఉర్దూ విన్పించడం లేదేమి? హైదరాబాద్, తెలంగాణలలో మతోన్మాద రాజకీయాలకు కారణమెవ్వరు? వక్ఫ్ భూములను కైవసం చేసుకొన్నదెవరు? తెలంగాణ భాషా సంస్కృతులను ధ్వంసం చేసిందెవరు? ఆంధ్రప్రదేశ్‌లో ఏర్పాటు చేయనున్న మొత్తం 50 సెజ్‌లలో 40 ని కేవలం తెలంగాణ జిల్లాల్లోనే ఏర్పాటు చేయడం వెనుక ఉన్న మతలబు ఏమిటి? వీధి దీపాలనే సక్రమంగా నిర్వహించలేని వారు గ్రేటర్ హైద రాబాద్‌ను ఏర్పాటు చేయడం సబబేనా? దాని వలన ప్రయోజనమేమి టి? మన దేశంలో ఏ పౌరుడైనా ఎక్కడికైనా వెళ్ళి స్థిరపడవచ్చు. జీనవోపాధి పొందవచ్చు.
హైదరాబాద్, తెలంగాణలలో తాము ఎలాంటి పాపాలకు పాల్పడకపోతే ఆంధ్ర నాయకు లు భయపడవలసిన అవసరమేముంది? మహారాష్ట్ర ఏర్పాటయినప్పుడు కూడా బొంబా యిని గుజరాత్‌కు ఇవ్వాలని గుజరాతీ వ్యాపారవర్గాలు వాదించాయి. నిర్దిష్ట ప్రాథమిక విషయాలు ఎప్పుడూ ప్రాథమిక విషయాలే. ప్రజలు వాటిని అర్థంచేసుకోకపోతే భగవంతుడే వారికి తోడ్పడాలి. హైదరాబాద్, రాయలసీమకు దక్షిణంగా 170 కిలో మీటర్ల దూరంలో ఉంది. ఆంధ్రకు తూర్పుగా 200 కిలో మీటర్ల దూరంలో ఉంది. ఇటువంటి పరిస్థితుల్లో హైదరాబాద్‌ను ఏప్రాతిపదికన కేంద్ర పాలిత ప్రాంతంగా చేస్తారు? ఎవరి ప్రయోజనాల కోసం? తెలంగాణ ఏర్పాటుకు కలతచెందవలసిన అవసరం దోపిడీదారులకు మాత్రమే ఉంది.
సామాన్య ప్రజలకు ఎటువంటి చింత ఉండనవసరం లేదు. ఐడిపిఎల్, ప్రాగా టూల్స్, ఆల్వి న్ మొదలైన కంపెనీల మూసి వేతకు కారకులైన వారు మాత్రమే భయపడతారు. వారే మైక్రోసాఫ్ట్ కంపెనీకి వందలాది ఎకరాలను కట్ట బెట్టారు (ఆ కంపెనీకి అమెరికాలో 50 ఎకరాల ప్రాంగణం ఎక్కడా లేదు మరి! ). ఉస్మాన్‌సాగర్, హిమాయత్ సాగర్‌లను కబ్జా చేస్తున్నవారు, మెట్రో, రింగ్ రోడ్డు పేరిట హైదరాబాద్ ప్రజలకు ఉరికంబాలు నిర్మిస్తున్నవారు మాత్రమే ప్రత్యేక తెలంగాణ విషయమై భయపడాలి. సామాన్య ప్రజలకు ఎటువంటి కలవర పాటు అవసరం లేదు.
తెలంగాణ, హైదరాబాద్‌లలో ఆ మాటకొస్తే ఎక్కడైనా ప్రజలలో 90 శాతం మంచివారే. తెలంగాణకు ఒక ప్రత్యేక సంస్కృతి ఉంది. గత 500 సంవత్సరాలుగా ఇక్కడ మతసామరస్యం నెలకొనివుంది. అన్ని మతాలు, వర్గాల ప్రజలు పరస్పరం గౌరవించుకొంటూ కలిసిమెలసి బ్రతుకుతున్న చరిత్ర ఉంది. ఈ వాస్తవాలను గమనించకుండా హైదరాబాద్‌ను ప్రత్యేక ప్రాంతంగా ఏర్పాటు చేయాలని కొంత మంది డిమాండ్ చేయడం విచిత్రంగా ఉంది. తెలంగాణ నుంచి హైదరాబాద్‌ను వేరుచేసి ప్రత్యేక ప్రాంతంగా చేయడమం టే తల్లి నుంచి బిడ్డను వేరుచేయడమే. ఇదెంత అమానుషం! సభ్యతా సంస్కృతి లేని వారు మాత్రమే ఇలా చేస్తారు.
Wednesday, November 10, 2010
Monday, November 8, 2010
omaba india tour
New Delhi: Declaring ‘bahut dhanyavaad’ to the people of India for their warm reception, US President Barack Obama told the Indian Parliament that partnership between India and the US will define the 21st Century and that India was already a global power.
Obama declared that like India was a prominent member of various international bodies like the G20, the US would welcome India as it prepared to become a permanent member of the United Nations Security Council (UNSC).
“In future, I would look forward to India as permanent member of United Nations Security Council,” Obama said to deafening applause, adding “..with great power comes responsibility,”.
He said India and other countries aspiring for membership in UNSC will need to work together with other powers for a safer world – including sanctioning of Iran if needed.
This was a major demand of India which was expected to come up in the President’s speech.
On the issue of Pakistan, he urged an end of terror against India.
”The safe havens to terrorists in Pakistan are unacceptable. The perpetrators of Mumbai attacks should be brought to justice,” he said.
“I bring the greetings of from the people of the world’s greatest democracy, the USA. I thank you for the honour of letting me address the Parliament of one billion Indians,” he said, beginning his speech to repeated applause.
Taking forward his tone that India had already risen, Obama said it was not an accident that his India-stay was the longest ever in his career.
He said the world’s information age is rooted Indian work what with the zero being invented here. He invoked Rabindranath Tagore and Mahatma Gandhi to convey how special the place of India is in the world since eternity.
He said the world’s information age is rooted Indian work what with the zero being invented here. He invoked Rabindranath Tagore and Mahatma Gandhi to convey how special the place of India is in the world since eternity. “Gandhiji inspired me to be the change we seek in the world. After making his pilgrimage to India Dr Martin Luther King noted that Gandhi’s philosophy was the only way to make progress in this era,” he said, declaring that he stood before the MPs not as US President but as someone inspired by Gandhi.
He acknowledged how after independence at midnight India had launched various schemes like Green Revolution etc to uplift its people from poverty.
“The very idea and strength of India is embrace of all colors, all castes, all creeds….Swami Vivekananda said in Chicago that holiness is not the preserve of any particular religion or church,” he said, lauding the democracy of India where “every voice is heard.”
He acknowledged that relations between India and the US had transformed since the era of Bill Clinton, George W. Bush and went on to elucidate on what could be “next”.
“The interests of US and India are best advanced in a partnership, I believe. We are two strong democracies whose constitutions begin with same great words – ‘We, the people’. We have free market economies and that is why I believe in this relationship,” he said.
He was received warmly at the gates of the Hall by Vice President Hamid Ansari, PM Manmohan Singh, Speaker Meira Kumar among others. From there he was led in a procession amidst applause from the assembled MPs to the spot where the new visitor’s book awaited his remarks. After signing the book, he took his seat on the podium with Ansari, PM Singh and Kumar.
Ansari gave the welcome speech where in he draw parallels between the values shared by America and India. He appreciated Obama’s international peace efforts at controlling nuclear proliferation, adding India itself was a prime promoter of non-prolifertaion.
The Hall saw full attendance of MPs – for the first time.
Obama addressed the two Houses of Parliament`s joint sitting in the Central Hall of Parliament House, which has been given a new look.
Obama read from a teleprompter brought in from the US which made its debut in the Parliament.
After predecessors Dwight Eisenhower in 1959, Jimmy Carter in 1978 and Bill Clinton in 2000, Obama is the fourth US President to address Indian Parliament. Before Obama, former Russian President Vladimir Putin and former Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe addressed Indian MPs in 2007.
Learning from the embarrassing behaviour displayed by the Indian Members of the Parliament (MPs) during former US President George W Bush visit, the Parliament Affairs ministry had strictly advised the Parliamentarians to behave themselves.
Monday is the last day of Obama’s visit to India on his 10-day long Asia tour.
Sunday, November 7, 2010
jaibolo telanagana movie
'Jai Bolo Telangana' movie based on the Telangana sentiment launched officially on 26th August, 2010. Showing the unitedness within the Tollywood, celebrities not only from Telangana but also from Andhra region attended the function willingly.
Tollywood personalities who attended the function included : Murali Mohan, AVS, Paruchuri brothers, Raghavendra Rao and many others. The media personality was Radha Krishna, the head of ABN Andhra Jyoti. Although he belongs to the telangana region, his ancestry lies in Andhra region. The political personalities includes Kavitha, who attends all Telengana-related events, K. Taraka Rama Rao, Bandaru Dattatreya, Vidya Sagar Rao and many others. The famous Social activist Gaddar also came to the function.
Kavitha as expected converted the event into an open message to seemandra to stop opposing Telangana division. She expressed her faith in N.Shanker and his film by saying that it would succed in gaining the sympathy of the Andhra people and thus easing the Telangana freedom.
Tollywood personalities who attended the function included : Murali Mohan, AVS, Paruchuri brothers, Raghavendra Rao and many others. The media personality was Radha Krishna, the head of ABN Andhra Jyoti. Although he belongs to the telangana region, his ancestry lies in Andhra region. The political personalities includes Kavitha, who attends all Telengana-related events, K. Taraka Rama Rao, Bandaru Dattatreya, Vidya Sagar Rao and many others. The famous Social activist Gaddar also came to the function.
Kavitha as expected converted the event into an open message to seemandra to stop opposing Telangana division. She expressed her faith in N.Shanker and his film by saying that it would succed in gaining the sympathy of the Andhra people and thus easing the Telangana freedom.
TELANGANA freedom fighters..
a
నిరంతర ఘోష ఫై ఉద్యమిస్తున్న ఉద్వేగ ఉపద్రవాలు..........
title
Thursday, July 8, 2010
KOMARAM BHEEM
Komaram bheem was born in family of Gonda Tribals in the forests of Adilabad. he was not exposed to the out side world and didn not have any formal education
Bheem was inspired by Alluri Sitaramaraju, and his heart was aflame when he heard the death of Bhagat Singh. Realising that the time was near to revolt against the the Nizam Government's wild official injustice, Komaram Bheem became a veritable deity, raging with the fire of revolt.
Talukdar Abdul Sattar failed to bring Bheem to kow-tow his line. Abdul Sattar, well equipped with ninety policemen armed with guns, attacked Bheem, who did not have any armour to protect himself. On that fateful full moon night, hundreds of followers of Bheem armed themselves with bows, arrows, swords and spears. The fearless Gonds launched a frontal assault, from just a dozen feet away from the Nizam's police force, braved their guns, only to be riddled with bullets.
That night, the moon burnt like a flaming sun.
That night, the wild moonlight became a veritable stream of tears.
That night, the martyr Komaram Bheem became a deity and eternal hero to the Hindu community.
Komaram Bheem is Trible leader who fought against the erstwhile Asaf Jahi Dynasty for the liberation of Hyderabad State at the Beginning of the 20 th century .In telugu, he is known as Komaram Puli
The birth of the liberation movement originally took place when Hindus, be it villagers (Gramvasis), forest-dwelling tribals (Vanavasis) or city-dwellers (Nagaravasis), were fed up of the atrocities of the Nizam of Hyderabad.
Under the Nizam's theocratic rule (as under the previous rule by the Sultans), Hindus were killed or forcibly converted in lakhs. Countless Hindu women and children were raped and carred away as sex slaves. Ancient Hindu temples were desecrated and destroyed and built over by mosques. Hindu names of cities were banned and Islamic Slave Names were imposed on cities, viz. Hyderabad, Nizamabad, Sikandarabad, Adilabad, Karimnagar, Zaheerabad, Musheerabad, Quthbullapur and so on.
As neither Vanavasis, Gramvasis or Nagaravasis were spared the Islamic oppression, it was obvious that all of them would rise up in revolt. A group of Hindu bravehearts together to protest these acts, and finally, took up violent means to counter the Nizam and safeguard the Hindu masses. Komaram Bheem is a bright flame that lit the fire of liberation amongst the people.
Bheem was inspired by Alluri Sitaramaraju, and his heart was aflame when he heard the death of Bhagat Singh. Realising that the time was near to revolt against the the Nizam Government's wild official injustice, Komaram Bheem became a veritable deity, raging with the fire of revolt.
Talukdar Abdul Sattar failed to bring Bheem to kow-tow his line. Abdul Sattar, well equipped with ninety policemen armed with guns, attacked Bheem, who did not have any armour to protect himself. On that fateful full moon night, hundreds of followers of Bheem armed themselves with bows, arrows, swords and spears. The fearless Gonds launched a frontal assault, from just a dozen feet away from the Nizam's police force, braved their guns, only to be riddled with bullets.
That night, the moon burnt like a flaming sun.
That night, the wild moonlight became a veritable stream of tears.
That night, the martyr Komaram Bheem became a deity and eternal hero to the Hindu community.
Komaram Bheem is Trible leader who fought against the erstwhile Asaf Jahi Dynasty for the liberation of Hyderabad State at the Beginning of the 20 th century .In telugu, he is known as Komaram Puli
The birth of the liberation movement originally took place when Hindus, be it villagers (Gramvasis), forest-dwelling tribals (Vanavasis) or city-dwellers (Nagaravasis), were fed up of the atrocities of the Nizam of Hyderabad.
Under the Nizam's theocratic rule (as under the previous rule by the Sultans), Hindus were killed or forcibly converted in lakhs. Countless Hindu women and children were raped and carred away as sex slaves. Ancient Hindu temples were desecrated and destroyed and built over by mosques. Hindu names of cities were banned and Islamic Slave Names were imposed on cities, viz. Hyderabad, Nizamabad, Sikandarabad, Adilabad, Karimnagar, Zaheerabad, Musheerabad, Quthbullapur and so on.
As neither Vanavasis, Gramvasis or Nagaravasis were spared the Islamic oppression, it was obvious that all of them would rise up in revolt. A group of Hindu bravehearts together to protest these acts, and finally, took up violent means to counter the Nizam and safeguard the Hindu masses. Komaram Bheem is a bright flame that lit the fire of liberation amongst the people.
CHITYALA AILAMMA(1919 -1985)
There is nothing of my husband nothing of my son it is my name that has stood wherever i gothe sangham folk come and say ,'one should be like ailamma',Hailing from the chakali caste in palakurti village aillamma's struggle for land and her Resistance to the nizam's forces make her a legend of the telangana peasant struggle. As the repression on her grew, she became totally involve in the struggle, travelling form village to village to escape the police. undeterred by arrest and torure the determination and courage aillamma showed was Exemplary.
DAASARADHI KRISHNAMACHARYULU
Dasarathi Krishnamacharya (1926—1987) was poet laureate of Andhra Pradesh. His early works Agni Dhara (1949) and Rudra Veena (1950) contain ‘flaming verses spitting spumes of fire and ire’. His poetic expression “My dear dear Telangana is a million diamond studded Veena’ endears him to all who know his daring exploits in opposing autocratic rule of Nizam in pre-independence days. He suffered imprisonment and must have been happy with liberation of Telangana and formation a state for the Telugus. His second phase of poetic career was characterized by national fervour. The third phase reflects his humanism and versatility as a poet. He authored several poetry volumes and introduced Rubaiyat in Telugu.
SARDAR SARVAYI PAPANNA GOUD
SARDAR SARVAYI PAPANNA GOUD
Sardar Sarvayi Papanna Goud born in Goud Community at Khilashapur Village near jangaon in Warangal District. He fought against the Muslim rule in Telangana. He Constituted some mansions and protected the interest of poor. He lived During the Period of AurangaZeb Hsivaji conquered maharastra From Muslim rule and at the Same Time Papanna occupied Telangana area from Mughal Rule Between 1687 to 1724
K V RANGA REDDY
Konda Venkata Ranga Reddy popularly known as K. V. Ranga Reddy (born 1889, date of death unknown) is a former Deputy Chief Minister of Andhra Pradesh .He is a freedom fighter who fought the telangana rebellion against the nizams.He was born in pedda mangalaram near hyderbad.He is Father-in-law of Marry Chenna Reddy
KALOJI-Naa Telangana Koti Ratanala Veena
More popularly known as Kaloji or Kalanna is a well known Indian freedom fighter and a political activist of Telangana.He is noted for his contributions in the social and literary fields. He won Padma Vibhushan..Kaloji was born in Madikonda village outskirts of Warangal
During his student days and later, he was deeply influenced by the popular movements of the time like the Arya Samaja Movement especially the civil rights part of it, the Library Movement and the Andhra Maha Sabha Movement. The fraternal care and affection of his elder brother kaloji ramesh rao a noted Urdu poet, has also played a vital role in shaping the personality of Kaloji. Kaloji participated in Andhra MahaSabha activities since its formation in 1934. He was also associated with the Arya samaj He actively participated in the freedom movement of the erstwhile Hyderabad State and underwent imprisonment under the Nizam He has also participated in various social, political and literary activities in Ap.
His active involvement with the masses and their problems and his tireless struggle for their emancipation have naturally earned him in equal measure the love of the people and the wrath of the powers that be. He is one of those select freedom fighters of our country who were imprisoned by the feudal lords and the alien rulers before the attainment of Indian Independence and by the native leaders thereafter.
RAAVI NARAYANA REDDY
During his student days and later, he was deeply influenced by the popular movements of the time like the Arya Samaja Movement especially the civil rights part of it, the Library Movement and the Andhra Maha Sabha Movement. The fraternal care and affection of his elder brother kaloji ramesh rao a noted Urdu poet, has also played a vital role in shaping the personality of Kaloji. Kaloji participated in Andhra MahaSabha activities since its formation in 1934. He was also associated with the Arya samaj He actively participated in the freedom movement of the erstwhile Hyderabad State and underwent imprisonment under the Nizam He has also participated in various social, political and literary activities in Ap.
His active involvement with the masses and their problems and his tireless struggle for their emancipation have naturally earned him in equal measure the love of the people and the wrath of the powers that be. He is one of those select freedom fighters of our country who were imprisoned by the feudal lords and the alien rulers before the attainment of Indian Independence and by the native leaders thereafter.
RAAVI NARAYANA REDDY
Raavi Narayana Reddy is a Famous indian communist freedom fighter . A member of Andhra Mahasabha, Raavi Narayana Reddy was one of the Top Leaders of the Telangana Rebellion led by the Communist Party of India (CPI) against the Cruel rule of the Nizam king. He was born june 5, 1908 in Bollepally, Bhongiri Mandal, Nalgonds District Hyderabad State.During 1946-1951, Telangana Saw peasant guerilla armed struggle launched under the aegis of the communist party of india (CPI), led by Raavi Narayana Reddy, The Andhra Mahasabha Had Allied Itself With The CPI which had strong roots in the Telangana COUNTRY SIDE
revolutions of telangana
Independence history of Telangana
When India became independent from the British Empire, the Nizam of Hyderabad wanted Hyderabad State to remain independent under the special provisions given to princely states. Rebellion has started throughout the state against the Nizam's rule and his army known as the Razakars (hyderabad). The Razakars, led by its chief, Qasim Razvi, massacred many people and rebels to suppress the movement, but in vain. They destroyed many temples and monuments across the state. Mass assassinations, similar to Jallianwalabhag, took place through out the state. The Government of India annexed Hyderabad State on September 17, 1948, in an operation by the Indian Army called Operation Polo. When India became independent, the Telugu-speaking people were distributed in about 22 districts, 9 of them in the Telangana region of Nizam's Dominions (Hyderabad State), 12 in the Madras Presidency (Andhra region), and one in French-controlled Yanam. A Communist led peasant revolt started in 1946 and lasted until 1951, weakening the viability of Hyderabad as an Indian state in its present form.
The Central Government appointed a civil servant Vellodi Narayana Menon K, as First Chief Minister of Hyderabad state on 26 January 1950. He administered the state with the help of bureaucrats from Madras state and Bombay state. In 1952, Telangana had tasted democracy for the first time when it participated in general elections and elected Dr. Burgula Ramakrishna Rao as the Chief minister of Hyderabad State. The Telugu speaking people in Madras state enjoyed some form of democracy since 1920. During this time there were violent Mulki agitations by some Telanganites to send back bureaucrats from Madras state, and to strictly implement Mulki rules.
Meanwhile, Telugu-speaking areas (Andhra region) were carved out of an erstwhile Madras state by popular agitation by leaders like Potti Sri Ramulu to create Andhra State with Kurnool as its capital in 1953.[12][13][14]
Paragraph 382 of States Reorganization Commission Report (SRC) said "opinion in Andhra is overwhelmingly in favour of the larger unit, public opinion in Telangana has still to crystallize itself. Important leaders of public opinion in Andhra themselves seem to appreciate that the unification of Telangana with Andhra, though desirable, should be based on a voluntary and willing association of the people and that it is primarily for the people of Telangana to take a decision about their future". The people of Telangana had several concerns. The region had a less developed economy than Andhra, but with a larger revenue base (mostly because it taxed rather than prohibited alcoholic beverages), which people of Telangana feared might be diverted for use in Andhra. They also feared that planned irrigation projects on the Krishna and Godavari rivers would not benefit Telangana proportionately even though people of Telangana controlled the headwaters of the rivers. It was also feared that the people of Andhra, who had access to higher standards of education under the British Rule, would have an unfair advantage in seeking Government and Educational jobs.
The commission proposed that the Telangana region be constituted as a separate state with a provision for unification with Andhra state, after the 1961 general elections, if a resolution could be passed in the Telangana state assembly with a two-third majority.
The Chief Minister of Hyderabad State, Burgula Ramakrishna Rao, expressed his view that a majority of Telangana people were against the merger.[15]
Prime minister Jawaharlal Nehru initially was skeptical of merging Telangana with the Andhra State, fearing a “tint of expansionist imperialism” in it. Later, he compared the merger to a matrimonial alliance having “provisions for divorce” if the partners in the alliance cannot get on well.[16][17]
However, following the "Gentlemen's agreement, the central government established a unified Andhra Pradesh on November 1, 1956.[12][18][19] The agreement provided reassurances to Telangana in terms of power sharing as well as administrative domicile rules and distribution of expenses of various regions.
Anti-Nehru politics emerged with the repression of the Telengana movement; many within the Congress extended their hands to radical and not-so-radical leftist causes. Feroze Gandhi was among them.[20]
Although the Congress faced some dissension within its ranks, its leadership stood against additional linguistic states. As a result, defectors from the Congress, led by M. Chenna Reddy, founded the Telangana People's Association. In Parliament elections held in May 1971, Telangana Praja Samithi won 10 out 14 Parliament seats in Telangana.[22][23] Despite electoral successes, however, some of the new party leaders gave up their agitation in September 1971 after realizing that Prime Minister not inclined to towards Telangana, much to the chagrin of separatists, rejoined the safer political haven of the Congress ranks.[24]
During this period, the Government promised to correct what critics saw as violation to Gentleman's agreement in jobs, budget allocations, educational facilities.[25] Prime Minister, Indira Gandhi was strongly against the division of the state but on her recommendation, P. V. Narasimha Rao became first Chief minister of Andhra Pradesh from Telangana on September 30, 1971.[26] [1] [2]
In the year 1972, all candidates belonging to STPS under the leadership of M Sridhar Reddy contested the assembly elections, however, only Mr Thakkalapalli Purushothama Rao got elected from Wardhannapet constituency of Warangal District and rest were defeated. In 1969, Mr Purushotham Rao unveiled Telangana map in the state assembly.Purushotham Rao was for outright separation during the 1969 movement and he supported the student views.[27]
At the end of 1972, when the Supreme Court upheld the Mulki rules, the very next day of the Judgement, Jai Andhra movement was started in Coastal Andhra and Rayalaseema regions protesting the protections mentioned in the Gentleman's agreement.[28] P. V. Narasimha Rao had to resign as Chief minister of Andhra Pradesh on January 10, 1973. President's rule was declared in the state. Finally, a political settlement was arrived at under the aegis of the Central Government. A Six-Point Formula was agreed upon by the leaders of the two regions to prevent any recurrence of such agitations in future. The `Six-Point Formula' included (1) the abolition of Mulki rules and the Telangana Regional Committee (protections mentioned in the Gentleman's agreement) and (2) the establishment of a Central University at Hyderabad to augment educational facilities. (3) In regards to jobs, state divided into six zones, within the framework of three regions, namely, Coastal Andhra, Rayalaseema, and Telangana (Zone V, and Zone VI) with Hyderabad under Zone VI. Each zone should prefer local candidates for state government jobs. However according to GOM, the regions were rezoned with Zone I,II,III Coastal Andhra, Zone IV Rayalaseema, Zone V,VI Telangana. [3][12][29]
Among others, alleged injustices in water, budget allocations, jobs are the grievances cited by Telangana proponents. Telangana supporters cite that the majority of water supply is from the Telangana region, yet canal irrigation disproportionately benefits the Coastal Andhra region with relative underdevelopment of Telangana. In addition, the share of education funding for Telangana ranges from 9.86% in government aided primary schools to government degree colleges which has a share of 37.85%. Above numbers includes the expenditure in Capital Hyderabad. In addition, budget allocations to Telangana are generally less than 1/3 of total Andhra Pradesh budget. In addition, there are allegations that the Telangana budget is being misappropriated. Telangana proponents cite that only 20% of total Government employees, less than 10% employees in secretariat, less than 5% of head of the departments in Andhra Pradesh are from Telangana, while those from other regions make up the bulk of employment.[41][42][43] Andhra Pradesh was represented by Telangana chief ministers for only 6-1/2 years out of over five decades of its existence, with no chief minister from the region being in power continuously for more than 2-1/2 years.[41]
Proponents of a separate Telangana state feel all the agreements, accords, formulas, plans and assurances on the floor of legislature and Lok Sabha, in last 50+ years, could not be honoured and Telangana was forced to remain neglected, exploited and backward. They allege that the experiment to remain as one state proved to be a futile exercise and therefore, separation is found to be the best solution.[44][45][46] [4]
In December 2006, the TRS won the by-election to the Karimnagar parliamentary constituency with a record margin.[52] The TRS continued to pressure for the creation of aTelangana state in 2008.[53][54][55]
All TRS legislators in Parliament and in the State (4 MPs, 16 MLAs, 3 MLCs) resigned in the 1st week of March 2008 and forced by-elections to increase the pressure on Congress party to take action.[56][57]
By-elections for the 16 MLA seats, 4 MP seats were held May 29, 2008. During the election campaign, the TRS party said it is a referendum on a Telangana state but both Congress and TDP parties said it is not a referendum on Telangana and also said that they are not opposed to the formation of Telangana state.[58][59][60][61][62][63][64][65][66][67] To the disappointment of Telangana proponents, the TRS retained only 7 out of 16 MLA seats and 2 out of 4 MP seats after the by-elections.[68]
In June 2008, Devender Goud, who is considered number two in the TDP, a politbureau member and Deputy Leader of the Telugu Desam Legislature Party, resigned from the party saying he would devote his time and energy to the formation of a separate Teelangana state.[69] In July 2008, Mr Goud along with some other leaders like Mr. E Peddi Reddy formed a new party called Nava Telangana Praja Party or NTPP.[70]
On 9 October 2008, in a historical turnaround from its 26-year history TDP announced its support for the creation of Telangana.[71]
Konda Laxman Bapuji of the Nava Telangana Party announced that "We solemnly declare statehood for Telangana on November 2, 2008." [72]
Ahead of the 2009 General Elections in India, all the major parties in Andhra Pradesh supported the formation of Telangana.[74] The Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) again announced that they would create two more states, Telangana and Gorkhaland, if they won the election.[75] The Congress Party still says it is committed to Telangana statehood,[76] but claims Muslim minorities are opposed to creation of separate state along with majority of people. Some analysts, however, feel that the "Muslim reluctance card" has been deftly played by then Chief Minister Y. S. Rajasekhara Reddy, who is staunchly opposed to the formation of the new state.[77][78]
The Telugu Desam Party (TDP) had promised to work for Telangana statehood. Telangana Rashtra Samithi (TRS) joined a Mahakutami (or grand alliance) with TDP and left parties to defeat the Congress party for denying statehood for Telangana.[79][80][81]
The Praja Rajyam Party (PRP), newly founded by film star Chiranjeevi, supported Telangana statehood.[82] Nava Telangana Party merged with PRP after it realized that there is not enough political space for two sub-regional Telangana parties with Telananga statehood as main agenda.[83][84]
Congress returned to power both at center and state.
In September 2009, Chief Minister Y. S. Rajasekhara Reddy (YSR) died in a helicopter crash while flying in bad weather.[85]
On November 29, 2009, the TRS president, K. Chandrashekar Rao (KCR) started a fast-unto-death demanding that the Congress party introduce a Telangana bill in the Parliament. He was arrested by the government of Andhra Pradesh.[86][87][88][89][90] Student organizations, employee unions and various organizations joined the movement.[91][92] [93] Telangana strikes shut down Telangana on Dec 6th and 7th.[94] Student organizations planned a massive rally at the state Assembly on Dec 10th. Government warned that the rally did not have permission and deployed police troops through out Telangana. [95] The apparent decline in KCR's health led to a sense of urgency to take a decision on the issue of Telangana statehood. [96] [97]
Pro-Telangana supporters celebrated the central government decision while those from the Coastal Andhra and Rayalaseema regions (Andhra region) protested.[99][100] In fact, within a short time of the Home Minister's declaration, sensing the public mood, MLAs from the Coastal Andhra and Rayalaseema regions (Andhra region) submitted their resignations in protest of the process of creation of a new state within Andhra Pradesh.[101] By the 16th of December, at least 147 legislators (including Praja Rajyam Founder Chiranjeevi[102]) and many Members of Parliament had resigned in protest of the Government's decision to begin discussions on forming a new state of Telangana. 22 Ministers from the State Cabinet, all from Andhra (Coastal Andhra and Rayalaseema) regions submitted their resignations.[103][104] [105]
On December 16, media reports confirmed that there was a split in the Praja Rajyam Party (PRP) over the Telangana issue, with its leader Chiranjeevi as well as 16 out of 18 party MLAs(the remaining 2 hailed from Telangana) opposing the division of Andhra Pradesh while Telangana leaders in the party were unhappy with the shift in the party's views.[106][107][108]
On December 23, the Government of India announced that no action on Telangana will be taken until a consensus is reached by all parties. The TRS reacted by calling for another general strike on 24th Dec '09, an action aimed at stalling the regional economy.
A Joint Action Committee (JAC) was formed with the pro-separation members of the major political parties. There were reports that members of the JAC had widely divergent approaches on the issue of a separate Telangana.[109][110][111] Subsequently, Andhra (Coastal Andhra and Rayalaseema) region MLAs started withdrawing their resignations while MLAs and ministers from Telangana started submitting their resignations, demanding the Centre to take immediate steps to initiate the process of bifurcating Andhra Pradesh.[112] [113] The Home minister had an all party meeting on the 5th of January to elicit views of all parties in the State. Further, on the advice of Congress party's central leadership, all of the Ministers from Telangana withdrew their resignations.[114] Rallies, hunger strikes, suicides continue, sometimes turning violent, through out Telangana to protest against the delay in bifurcating the State.[115] The all-party Telangana Joint Action Committee (JAC) started relay hunger strikes and threatened resignations of all legislators on Jan 28, demanding the Centre to spell out its stand on separate Telangana and start the process of creating the State within a timeframe. [116] The Union minister for Home Affairs P Chidambaram announced on January 28 that a Committee to examine the demand for a separate Telangana would be announced after a week.[117][118] On the 3rd February the government announced the 5 member committee that would look into the issue of Bifurcation of state.[119]
The Telangana Joint Action Committee said the agitations would continue until a Bill was passed in Parliament for the formation of a Telangana State. Agitation involved human chains, community kitchens on roads, amongst others[120] On Feb 3rd JAC organized a longest human chain in India, a distance of 500 km, from north to South in Telangana.[121]
The Jamaat-e-Islami Hind has supported a separate Telangana state by giving the slogan, "Justice for Telangana and Telangana for Justice"[122][123][124] The Jamaat with its student wing Students Islamic Organisation of India organized a large rally at Nizam college grounds on February 7, 2010.
On February 12, Central government announced Terms of Reference to B.N. Srikrishna Committee with a deadline of December 31, 2010. Telangana-JAC rejected the terms of reference saying that it "undid" Union home minister's statement in New Delhi on December 9, 2009.[125]
All 10 of TRS MLAs, 1 TDP MLA, 1 BJP MLA insisted speaker of Assembly to accept their resignations. Speaker accepts resignations of 12 MLAs. Rest of the Telangana MLAs withdrew their resignations which disappointed Telangana JAC.[126][127]
On February 16, Congress legislators from the Telangana region resigned from the Joint Action Committee due to "unilateral actions by KCR."[128]
As of February 22, 2010, more than 250 Telangana people committed suicides over the delay in the formation of Telangana state.[129][130][131]
Sri Krishna Committee solicited suggestions/views from the political parties, social organisations and other stakeholders on February 21. Committee received over 60,000 petitions by the deadline of April 10. The committee began personal interactions with the various stakeholders, including the political parties starting from April 16. [132][133][134] The committee met with the leaders of TRS,[135] PRP, CPI, [136] MIM, [137] TDP leaders from Seema-Andhra,[138] TDP leaders from Telangana [139] [140] and various organizations from though out Andhra Pradesh.[141]
By-elections for 12 MLA seats are scheduled on Jul 27. Congress and TDP decided to contest elections ignoring the appeal of JAC.[142][143]
On July 6, Telangana congress legislators and ministers met Sri Krishna commission and made strong arguments in favor of the formation of Telangana state.[144]
All the Telangana MLAs who resigned protesting the delay in the formation of Telangana(11 TRS and 1BJP) in February were re-elected in the by-elections on July 27, 2010 with huge majority. TDP lost deposits(i.e. got less than 1/6th of polled votes)in all constituencies; Congress lost deposits in 4 constituencies.[145][146][147]
AP state Ministers belongs to Seema-Andhra submitted a report to SriKrishna Committee saying that those seeking separate Telangana are anti-national.[148] They also said that all the districts of Telangana are well developed between 1992 and present period. This evoked strong protests in Telangana demanding the dismissal of those ministers.[149] Incidentally, Central Government declared 13 districts in AP are backward, and 9 out of 10 Telangana districts are backward vindicating Telangana proponents arguments.[150][151
When India became independent from the British Empire, the Nizam of Hyderabad wanted Hyderabad State to remain independent under the special provisions given to princely states. Rebellion has started throughout the state against the Nizam's rule and his army known as the Razakars (hyderabad). The Razakars, led by its chief, Qasim Razvi, massacred many people and rebels to suppress the movement, but in vain. They destroyed many temples and monuments across the state. Mass assassinations, similar to Jallianwalabhag, took place through out the state. The Government of India annexed Hyderabad State on September 17, 1948, in an operation by the Indian Army called Operation Polo. When India became independent, the Telugu-speaking people were distributed in about 22 districts, 9 of them in the Telangana region of Nizam's Dominions (Hyderabad State), 12 in the Madras Presidency (Andhra region), and one in French-controlled Yanam. A Communist led peasant revolt started in 1946 and lasted until 1951, weakening the viability of Hyderabad as an Indian state in its present form.
The Central Government appointed a civil servant Vellodi Narayana Menon K, as First Chief Minister of Hyderabad state on 26 January 1950. He administered the state with the help of bureaucrats from Madras state and Bombay state. In 1952, Telangana had tasted democracy for the first time when it participated in general elections and elected Dr. Burgula Ramakrishna Rao as the Chief minister of Hyderabad State. The Telugu speaking people in Madras state enjoyed some form of democracy since 1920. During this time there were violent Mulki agitations by some Telanganites to send back bureaucrats from Madras state, and to strictly implement Mulki rules.
Meanwhile, Telugu-speaking areas (Andhra region) were carved out of an erstwhile Madras state by popular agitation by leaders like Potti Sri Ramulu to create Andhra State with Kurnool as its capital in 1953.[12][13][14]
[edit] Merger of Telangana and Andhra
In December 1953, the States Reorganization Commission was appointed to prepare for the creation of states on linguistic lines. The States Reorganization Commission (SRC) was not in favour of an immediate merger of Telangana region with Andhra state, despite the common language between the two.Paragraph 382 of States Reorganization Commission Report (SRC) said "opinion in Andhra is overwhelmingly in favour of the larger unit, public opinion in Telangana has still to crystallize itself. Important leaders of public opinion in Andhra themselves seem to appreciate that the unification of Telangana with Andhra, though desirable, should be based on a voluntary and willing association of the people and that it is primarily for the people of Telangana to take a decision about their future". The people of Telangana had several concerns. The region had a less developed economy than Andhra, but with a larger revenue base (mostly because it taxed rather than prohibited alcoholic beverages), which people of Telangana feared might be diverted for use in Andhra. They also feared that planned irrigation projects on the Krishna and Godavari rivers would not benefit Telangana proportionately even though people of Telangana controlled the headwaters of the rivers. It was also feared that the people of Andhra, who had access to higher standards of education under the British Rule, would have an unfair advantage in seeking Government and Educational jobs.
The commission proposed that the Telangana region be constituted as a separate state with a provision for unification with Andhra state, after the 1961 general elections, if a resolution could be passed in the Telangana state assembly with a two-third majority.
The Chief Minister of Hyderabad State, Burgula Ramakrishna Rao, expressed his view that a majority of Telangana people were against the merger.[15]
Prime minister Jawaharlal Nehru initially was skeptical of merging Telangana with the Andhra State, fearing a “tint of expansionist imperialism” in it. Later, he compared the merger to a matrimonial alliance having “provisions for divorce” if the partners in the alliance cannot get on well.[16][17]
However, following the "Gentlemen's agreement, the central government established a unified Andhra Pradesh on November 1, 1956.[12][18][19] The agreement provided reassurances to Telangana in terms of power sharing as well as administrative domicile rules and distribution of expenses of various regions.
Anti-Nehru politics emerged with the repression of the Telengana movement; many within the Congress extended their hands to radical and not-so-radical leftist causes. Feroze Gandhi was among them.[20]
[edit] Separate Telangana state movement
[edit] 1969 movement
In the years after the formation of Andhra Pradesh state, people of Telangana expressed dissatisfaction over how the agreements and guarantees were implemented. Discontent with the 1956 Gentleman's agreement intensified in January 1969, when the guarantees that had been agreed on were supposed to lapse. Student agitation for the continuation of the agreement began at Osmania University in Hyderabad and spread to other parts of the region. Government employees and opposition members of the state legislative assembly swiftly threatened "direct action" in support of the students.students.[21]Although the Congress faced some dissension within its ranks, its leadership stood against additional linguistic states. As a result, defectors from the Congress, led by M. Chenna Reddy, founded the Telangana People's Association. In Parliament elections held in May 1971, Telangana Praja Samithi won 10 out 14 Parliament seats in Telangana.[22][23] Despite electoral successes, however, some of the new party leaders gave up their agitation in September 1971 after realizing that Prime Minister not inclined to towards Telangana, much to the chagrin of separatists, rejoined the safer political haven of the Congress ranks.[24]
During this period, the Government promised to correct what critics saw as violation to Gentleman's agreement in jobs, budget allocations, educational facilities.[25] Prime Minister, Indira Gandhi was strongly against the division of the state but on her recommendation, P. V. Narasimha Rao became first Chief minister of Andhra Pradesh from Telangana on September 30, 1971.[26] [1] [2]
In the year 1972, all candidates belonging to STPS under the leadership of M Sridhar Reddy contested the assembly elections, however, only Mr Thakkalapalli Purushothama Rao got elected from Wardhannapet constituency of Warangal District and rest were defeated. In 1969, Mr Purushotham Rao unveiled Telangana map in the state assembly.Purushotham Rao was for outright separation during the 1969 movement and he supported the student views.[27]
At the end of 1972, when the Supreme Court upheld the Mulki rules, the very next day of the Judgement, Jai Andhra movement was started in Coastal Andhra and Rayalaseema regions protesting the protections mentioned in the Gentleman's agreement.[28] P. V. Narasimha Rao had to resign as Chief minister of Andhra Pradesh on January 10, 1973. President's rule was declared in the state. Finally, a political settlement was arrived at under the aegis of the Central Government. A Six-Point Formula was agreed upon by the leaders of the two regions to prevent any recurrence of such agitations in future. The `Six-Point Formula' included (1) the abolition of Mulki rules and the Telangana Regional Committee (protections mentioned in the Gentleman's agreement) and (2) the establishment of a Central University at Hyderabad to augment educational facilities. (3) In regards to jobs, state divided into six zones, within the framework of three regions, namely, Coastal Andhra, Rayalaseema, and Telangana (Zone V, and Zone VI) with Hyderabad under Zone VI. Each zone should prefer local candidates for state government jobs. However according to GOM, the regions were rezoned with Zone I,II,III Coastal Andhra, Zone IV Rayalaseema, Zone V,VI Telangana. [3][12][29]
[edit] Movement in 1990-2004
The emotions and forces generated by the movement in 1969 were not strong enough, however, for a continuing drive for a separate state until 1990s when Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP), promised a separate Telangana state if they came to power.[30] BJP created Jharkhand, Chhattisgarh and Uttarkhand states in year 2000 as promised. But the BJP could not create a separate Telangana state because of the opposition from its coalition partner, Telugu Desam Party.[31] These developments brought new life into the separatist Telangana movement by year 2000. Congress party MLAs from the Telangana region, supported a separate Telangana state and formed the Telangana Congress Legislators Forum.[32][33][34][35][36] In another development, a new party called Telangana Rashtra Samithi (or TRS), led by Kalvakuntla Chandrasekhar Rao (KCR), was formed with the single point agenda of creating a separate Telangana state, with Hyderabad as its capital.[37][38][39][edit] Grievances of Telangana proponents
Telangana is the largest single region of the three regions of Andhra Pradesh state covering 41.47% of its total area, is inhabited by 40.54% of the state’s population, contributes about 76% to the state’s revenues (excluding central government contribution). From Central govt: 19.86%, From Telangana: 61.47% (including 37.17% from Hyderabad), From Andhra: 14.71, From Rayalaseema: 3.90%.[40]Among others, alleged injustices in water, budget allocations, jobs are the grievances cited by Telangana proponents. Telangana supporters cite that the majority of water supply is from the Telangana region, yet canal irrigation disproportionately benefits the Coastal Andhra region with relative underdevelopment of Telangana. In addition, the share of education funding for Telangana ranges from 9.86% in government aided primary schools to government degree colleges which has a share of 37.85%. Above numbers includes the expenditure in Capital Hyderabad. In addition, budget allocations to Telangana are generally less than 1/3 of total Andhra Pradesh budget. In addition, there are allegations that the Telangana budget is being misappropriated. Telangana proponents cite that only 20% of total Government employees, less than 10% employees in secretariat, less than 5% of head of the departments in Andhra Pradesh are from Telangana, while those from other regions make up the bulk of employment.[41][42][43] Andhra Pradesh was represented by Telangana chief ministers for only 6-1/2 years out of over five decades of its existence, with no chief minister from the region being in power continuously for more than 2-1/2 years.[41]
Proponents of a separate Telangana state feel all the agreements, accords, formulas, plans and assurances on the floor of legislature and Lok Sabha, in last 50+ years, could not be honoured and Telangana was forced to remain neglected, exploited and backward. They allege that the experiment to remain as one state proved to be a futile exercise and therefore, separation is found to be the best solution.[44][45][46] [4]
[edit] 2004 and later
In 2004, for Assembly and Parliament elections, the Congress party and the TRS had an electoral alliance in the Telangana region with the promise of a separate Telangana State.[47] Congress came to power in the state and formed a coalition government at the centre. TRS joined the coalition government in 2004 and was successful in making a separate Telangana state a part of the common minimum program (CMP) of the coalition government.[48] In September 2006, TRS withdrew support from the Congress led coalition government at the centre on the grounds of alleged indecision by the government over the delivery of its electoral promise to create Telangana.[49][50][51]In December 2006, the TRS won the by-election to the Karimnagar parliamentary constituency with a record margin.[52] The TRS continued to pressure for the creation of aTelangana state in 2008.[53][54][55]
All TRS legislators in Parliament and in the State (4 MPs, 16 MLAs, 3 MLCs) resigned in the 1st week of March 2008 and forced by-elections to increase the pressure on Congress party to take action.[56][57]
By-elections for the 16 MLA seats, 4 MP seats were held May 29, 2008. During the election campaign, the TRS party said it is a referendum on a Telangana state but both Congress and TDP parties said it is not a referendum on Telangana and also said that they are not opposed to the formation of Telangana state.[58][59][60][61][62][63][64][65][66][67] To the disappointment of Telangana proponents, the TRS retained only 7 out of 16 MLA seats and 2 out of 4 MP seats after the by-elections.[68]
In June 2008, Devender Goud, who is considered number two in the TDP, a politbureau member and Deputy Leader of the Telugu Desam Legislature Party, resigned from the party saying he would devote his time and energy to the formation of a separate Teelangana state.[69] In July 2008, Mr Goud along with some other leaders like Mr. E Peddi Reddy formed a new party called Nava Telangana Praja Party or NTPP.[70]
On 9 October 2008, in a historical turnaround from its 26-year history TDP announced its support for the creation of Telangana.[71]
Konda Laxman Bapuji of the Nava Telangana Party announced that "We solemnly declare statehood for Telangana on November 2, 2008." [72]
[edit] 2009 and later
In February 2009 the state government declared that it had no objection, in principle, to the formation of separate Telangana and that the time had come to move forward decisively on this issue. To resolve issues related to it the government constituted a joint house committee.[73]Ahead of the 2009 General Elections in India, all the major parties in Andhra Pradesh supported the formation of Telangana.[74] The Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) again announced that they would create two more states, Telangana and Gorkhaland, if they won the election.[75] The Congress Party still says it is committed to Telangana statehood,[76] but claims Muslim minorities are opposed to creation of separate state along with majority of people. Some analysts, however, feel that the "Muslim reluctance card" has been deftly played by then Chief Minister Y. S. Rajasekhara Reddy, who is staunchly opposed to the formation of the new state.[77][78]
The Telugu Desam Party (TDP) had promised to work for Telangana statehood. Telangana Rashtra Samithi (TRS) joined a Mahakutami (or grand alliance) with TDP and left parties to defeat the Congress party for denying statehood for Telangana.[79][80][81]
The Praja Rajyam Party (PRP), newly founded by film star Chiranjeevi, supported Telangana statehood.[82] Nava Telangana Party merged with PRP after it realized that there is not enough political space for two sub-regional Telangana parties with Telananga statehood as main agenda.[83][84]
Congress returned to power both at center and state.
In September 2009, Chief Minister Y. S. Rajasekhara Reddy (YSR) died in a helicopter crash while flying in bad weather.[85]
On November 29, 2009, the TRS president, K. Chandrashekar Rao (KCR) started a fast-unto-death demanding that the Congress party introduce a Telangana bill in the Parliament. He was arrested by the government of Andhra Pradesh.[86][87][88][89][90] Student organizations, employee unions and various organizations joined the movement.[91][92] [93] Telangana strikes shut down Telangana on Dec 6th and 7th.[94] Student organizations planned a massive rally at the state Assembly on Dec 10th. Government warned that the rally did not have permission and deployed police troops through out Telangana. [95] The apparent decline in KCR's health led to a sense of urgency to take a decision on the issue of Telangana statehood. [96] [97]
[edit] Proposed Telangana state formation process
On December 9, 2009, P. Chidambaram, the Union Minister of Home Affairs announced that the Indian government would start the process of forming a separate Telangana state, pending the introduction and passage of a separation resolution in the Andhra Pradesh assembly.[98] KCR thus ended his 11 day fast, saying from his hospital bed that this was a "true victory of the people of Telangana."Pro-Telangana supporters celebrated the central government decision while those from the Coastal Andhra and Rayalaseema regions (Andhra region) protested.[99][100] In fact, within a short time of the Home Minister's declaration, sensing the public mood, MLAs from the Coastal Andhra and Rayalaseema regions (Andhra region) submitted their resignations in protest of the process of creation of a new state within Andhra Pradesh.[101] By the 16th of December, at least 147 legislators (including Praja Rajyam Founder Chiranjeevi[102]) and many Members of Parliament had resigned in protest of the Government's decision to begin discussions on forming a new state of Telangana. 22 Ministers from the State Cabinet, all from Andhra (Coastal Andhra and Rayalaseema) regions submitted their resignations.[103][104] [105]
On December 16, media reports confirmed that there was a split in the Praja Rajyam Party (PRP) over the Telangana issue, with its leader Chiranjeevi as well as 16 out of 18 party MLAs(the remaining 2 hailed from Telangana) opposing the division of Andhra Pradesh while Telangana leaders in the party were unhappy with the shift in the party's views.[106][107][108]
On December 23, the Government of India announced that no action on Telangana will be taken until a consensus is reached by all parties. The TRS reacted by calling for another general strike on 24th Dec '09, an action aimed at stalling the regional economy.
A Joint Action Committee (JAC) was formed with the pro-separation members of the major political parties. There were reports that members of the JAC had widely divergent approaches on the issue of a separate Telangana.[109][110][111] Subsequently, Andhra (Coastal Andhra and Rayalaseema) region MLAs started withdrawing their resignations while MLAs and ministers from Telangana started submitting their resignations, demanding the Centre to take immediate steps to initiate the process of bifurcating Andhra Pradesh.[112] [113] The Home minister had an all party meeting on the 5th of January to elicit views of all parties in the State. Further, on the advice of Congress party's central leadership, all of the Ministers from Telangana withdrew their resignations.[114] Rallies, hunger strikes, suicides continue, sometimes turning violent, through out Telangana to protest against the delay in bifurcating the State.[115] The all-party Telangana Joint Action Committee (JAC) started relay hunger strikes and threatened resignations of all legislators on Jan 28, demanding the Centre to spell out its stand on separate Telangana and start the process of creating the State within a timeframe. [116] The Union minister for Home Affairs P Chidambaram announced on January 28 that a Committee to examine the demand for a separate Telangana would be announced after a week.[117][118] On the 3rd February the government announced the 5 member committee that would look into the issue of Bifurcation of state.[119]
The Telangana Joint Action Committee said the agitations would continue until a Bill was passed in Parliament for the formation of a Telangana State. Agitation involved human chains, community kitchens on roads, amongst others[120] On Feb 3rd JAC organized a longest human chain in India, a distance of 500 km, from north to South in Telangana.[121]
The Jamaat-e-Islami Hind has supported a separate Telangana state by giving the slogan, "Justice for Telangana and Telangana for Justice"[122][123][124] The Jamaat with its student wing Students Islamic Organisation of India organized a large rally at Nizam college grounds on February 7, 2010.
On February 12, Central government announced Terms of Reference to B.N. Srikrishna Committee with a deadline of December 31, 2010. Telangana-JAC rejected the terms of reference saying that it "undid" Union home minister's statement in New Delhi on December 9, 2009.[125]
All 10 of TRS MLAs, 1 TDP MLA, 1 BJP MLA insisted speaker of Assembly to accept their resignations. Speaker accepts resignations of 12 MLAs. Rest of the Telangana MLAs withdrew their resignations which disappointed Telangana JAC.[126][127]
On February 16, Congress legislators from the Telangana region resigned from the Joint Action Committee due to "unilateral actions by KCR."[128]
As of February 22, 2010, more than 250 Telangana people committed suicides over the delay in the formation of Telangana state.[129][130][131]
Sri Krishna Committee solicited suggestions/views from the political parties, social organisations and other stakeholders on February 21. Committee received over 60,000 petitions by the deadline of April 10. The committee began personal interactions with the various stakeholders, including the political parties starting from April 16. [132][133][134] The committee met with the leaders of TRS,[135] PRP, CPI, [136] MIM, [137] TDP leaders from Seema-Andhra,[138] TDP leaders from Telangana [139] [140] and various organizations from though out Andhra Pradesh.[141]
By-elections for 12 MLA seats are scheduled on Jul 27. Congress and TDP decided to contest elections ignoring the appeal of JAC.[142][143]
On July 6, Telangana congress legislators and ministers met Sri Krishna commission and made strong arguments in favor of the formation of Telangana state.[144]
All the Telangana MLAs who resigned protesting the delay in the formation of Telangana(11 TRS and 1BJP) in February were re-elected in the by-elections on July 27, 2010 with huge majority. TDP lost deposits(i.e. got less than 1/6th of polled votes)in all constituencies; Congress lost deposits in 4 constituencies.[145][146][147]
AP state Ministers belongs to Seema-Andhra submitted a report to SriKrishna Committee saying that those seeking separate Telangana are anti-national.[148] They also said that all the districts of Telangana are well developed between 1992 and present period. This evoked strong protests in Telangana demanding the dismissal of those ministers.[149] Incidentally, Central Government declared 13 districts in AP are backward, and 9 out of 10 Telangana districts are backward vindicating Telangana proponents arguments.[150][151
Subscribe to:
Posts (Atom)